CAVEAT

  Caveat

 कॅव्हॅट  अर्ज काय आहे व कसा केला जातो? 

कॅव्हॅट  (सावधानता) चा अर्ज करण्यासाठी हे जाणून घेणे खूप गरजेच आहे की कॅव्हॅट म्हणजे नक्की काय असतं.      कॅव्हॅट  हा लेटीन भाषेतून आलेला शब्द आहे, ज्याचा अर्थ सावधानता असा आहे.

कॅव्हॅट म्हणजे असा अर्ज ज्याच्या माध्यमातून एका व्यक्तीला जो (खटल्या मधे एक पक्ष आहे) त्याची बाजू कोर्टाने एकूण घेणे देखील आवश्यक आहे असे सांगतो. किंवा एखादा व्यक्ती च्या अनुपस्थितीत दिलेला आदेश चुकीचा असल्यास कॅव्हॅट अर्जदारा ची बाजू एकने ही गरजेचे होते हे निदर्शनास आणुन देण्यात मदत करतो. 

कॅव्हॅट  हा अर्ज कोन करु शकत? 

सदर अर्ज अशी व्यक्ती करु शकते जी त्या खटल्या मधे  स्वातह एक  पक्ष आहे. व त्या व्यक्तीस माहित नसताना काही कागदपत्र व इतर माहिती कोर्टास समोरच्या पक्षाने दिल्याची शंका असल्यास सदर अर्ज देने योग्य पर्याय आहे. 

सदर अर्ज दाखल करणार्यास  कॅव्हॅटर असे म्हणतात. 

नागरी प्रक्रिया कोडच्या कलम 148अ काय सांगते?

सदर कलम हा कॅव्हॅट दाखल कशी करावी ह्याची संपुर्ण माहिती देतो, व नियम, तरतूदी, मुदत स्पष्ट करतो.

कॅव्हॅट चा अर्ज किती दिवस चालतो ?

कॅव्हॅट चा अर्ज 90दिवस कार्यरत राहतो व त्या नंतर सदर अर्ज ग्राह्य धरला जात नाही. 

एकदा  कॅव्हॅट चा अर्ज केल्यावर पुन्हा एकाच केस मधे तो पुन्हा अर्ज करु शकतो का?

जरी 90 दिवसा  नंतर  कॅव्हॅटचा अर्ज ग्राह्य धरला जात नाही परंतु दुसरा कॅव्हॅटचा अर्ज सदर खटल्यात करण्याची मुबा आहे व केला जातो.

 कॅव्हॅट  चा उद्देश काय आहे?

कॅव्हॅट अर्जाच्या सहाय्याने विरुद्ध पक्षास व कोर्टाला आम्ही सदर खटल्यास उपस्थीत राहण्यास इछूक आहोत, तसेच सतर्क ही आहोत, याची माहिती देण्यास मदत मिळते. 

कॅव्हॅट अर्ज कसा केला जातो? 

सदर अर्ज एका फॉर्मच्या स्वरुपात मिळ्तो व त्यावर अर्जदरचे नाव व इतर माहिती भरुन, गरज असलेली कागदपत्रे जोडून वकिला द्वारे कोर्टा समोर सादर करण्यात येतो. अतिशय सोपी प्रक्रिया आहे. 

कलम 148 अ  म्हणजे  सावधानते चा अर्ज करण्याचा अधिकार (Right to lodge a caveat ) अभ्यास क्रमानुसार परिक्षेत लिहता येण्यासाठी इंग्लीशमध्ये खलील प्रमाणे आहे :-

What is caveat ?

The term "Caveat" is derived from the latin which means, 'beware. Caveat is filed in the court to inform the court not to take action without giving notice to the party filing the caveat.

In anticipation of a suit being filed against a person, firm company, etc. the latter may file a caveat in the proposed court asking the court not to pass an ex-party order without hearing the latter. The latter i.e.  Caveator must serve a copy of the caveat on the party who might file the suit papers and to inform the caveator when he proposes to move the court for any orders. 

Section 148 -A right to lodge a caveat- 

1-  Where an application is expected to be made, or has been made, in a suit or proceeding instituted, or about to be instituted, in a court, any person claiming a right to appear before the court on the hearing of such application may lodge a caveat in respect thereof.

2 where a caveat is lodge under sub section -(1), the person by whom the caveat has been lodged (herein after referred to as the caveator) shall serve a notice of the caveat by registered post, acknowledgment due, on the person by whom the application has been, or is expected to be, made under sub section (1).

 3- where after a caveat has been lodged under sub- Section (1), any application is filed in any suit or proceeding, the court  shall serve a notice of the application on the caveator.

4- where a notice of any caveat has been served on the applicant, he shall forthwith furnish the caveator, at the caveator's expense, with a copy of the application made by him and also with copies of any paper or document which has been, made be, filed by him in support of the application.

5- where a caveat has been lodged under sub-section (1), such caveat shall not remain in force after expiry of ninety  days from the date on which it was lodged unless the application referred to sub- Section (1) has been made before the expiry of the said period.

Who has right to lodge the caveat?

A person who is one of the party in that suit, and have reason misguide any one in his absence, have that right to filed the caveat.

 Liability of applicant after receive the notice of caveat- 

When the notice of caveat is sent to the applicant, then the applicant must give the caveator-

     a) A copy of the application made by him.

     b) Copies of any paper or document which                has been or may be filed him in support of            the application.

     Such copies can be supplied to the caveator at the cost of the caveator. The caveat shall remain in force for a period of 90 days only from the date on which it was lodged.

How many days caveat is valid?

The validity  of the caveat can be extended for a period of further period 90 days by making the fresh application before the expiry of the period 90 days. 

The Purpose  behind the filing of caveat is - 

a) Before an order is passed in an application filed by any party, the caveat gives an opportunity to the opposite party to be heard and show why an order should not be passed and to safeguard the interests of a person against an order on any application filed by any party in suit or proceeding, caveat can be filed. The person filing the caveat need not be a necessary party to the application. It is sufficient if the caveator will be affected by any order passed by the court on such application. Thus, an opportunity is given to the caveator before any decision is made ex-party.

b) Caveat avoid the multiplicity of proceedings.  In the absence of such a provision, the party affected by the order of the court will have to file a separate application to obtain relief against the adverse order passed against him.

These are the provisions of Caveat under section 148 A  order XLVII of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908